Dovetailing-machine



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARI DAVIS AND ASAHEL DAVIS, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

DOVETAILING-IVIACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 14,307', dated February 26, 1856.

land references thereon, constitute a lucid,

clear, and exact description of'the const-ruction and use of the same.

In referring to the drawings, Figure l denotes a plan or top view, Fig.2, an end elevation of the same. Fig. 3, is a transverse and verticalsection on line A, B, Fig. 1. Fig. t is a transverse, cent-ral, andvert-ical section on line C, D, through the cutter head b. Fig. 5 is aview of the joints of a box when put together, after being formed onstructed, as seen at X isfitted so as to slide our machine.

Invention- The nature of our invention consists of the miter dovetailingmachine hereafter described, which is so constructed that it may cut thebevels on both ends of the piece to be dovetailed, and form the grooveand tongue therein, all at one operation; also, in being made so as tobe ad-I justed to form any desired length of the pieces which are to bedovetailed by its operation, without any change of cutters used therein.

00n-stmcti0mTo render the construction of our machine easily performedby persons of competent skill, we will describe it as follows, inconnection with the drawings:

`We construct an iron frame seen at A, A, to the top of this frame wesecure two stationary tracks or ways seen at C, and E. To the frame A,is fitted the movable track or way seen at D, so that it can be slidbackward and forward, and be secured in any desired position by means ofthe screw T, and groove in the side or end of the frame A, into whichthe screw T, projects, and fits when it is screwed up to hold the trackD firmly in the desired position. To the top of the tracks C, E, and Dwe fit the carriage B after it has been properly constructed, of-

metal or other desired substance. To this carriage B is fitted themovable and adjustable slide seenl at F, so that it may be slid to anydesired position on t-he top of, and with the track D, and secured insuch position by the screw Gr. The slide F, is intended to be moved tocorrespond with, and rest upon the track D. The carriage B and itsadjustable slide F is to receive, and carry the pieces of board whichare to be dovetailed, they being held down by the hand of the operatorwhile he is pushing the carriage B forward.

A stand or portion of the track C, is formed as seen 'at Z2 forreceiving the anguvlar adjustable head seen at Y. This head vswings onthe screw seen at X2 Fig. 3, t-he head Y being adjusted to exact nicetyby turning the screw A2, which comes in contact with arm under it, whichis fastened firmly to the stand Z2. A slot is formed in the head Y, asseen at Y2 Fig. 3 to receive the head of the bolt D2, and admit it toslide up and down with the sliding head stock X, and be regulated as toits height by the screw E2.

The sliding head, which is properly conin the swinging head Y by meansof the nut W. To the sliding head X is fitted Athe shaft which carriesthe cutters U and V and the driving pulley seen at Z, around which theband S2 passes from the pulley R2 by which the cutters U and V aredriven. It will be seen that the sliding head X is so set, and can be soadjusted that the cutter V which it carries, will bevel one end of theboard as desired, while the cutter U, will cut or form the upper part ofthe dovetail, and the cutter H2 on another shaft will form the Aunderpart of the dovetail in the wood W2,

as will hereafter be seen. We construct another head seen at ZJ, Fig. 4,and partly in each of the other figures. This head is supported by theprojection Z2, and is so made as to slide in an outward angle on theways seen at h, z, and to slide in an inward angle on 'the way seen atN2, it being held on the z., h, by the screws I2, J2, and nut f, thismovement being governed by the screw o. The adjustability thus given byboth movements answers to bring the cutter H2 in such position as toformv the lower part of t-he dovetail in an exact line with the upperpart, which will be seen to be necessary to make a perfect joint.

The shaft G2 which carries the cutter H2 and pulley F2 is properlyfitted so as to freely revolve in the head and is driven by the band T2passing around the pulley F2 from the driving pulley R2. Ve construct astand seen at I, which is firmly secured to the movable and adjustabletrack, or way D by the screws z', z'.

To the stand I, we lit the swinging head J, which swings on the screwL2, and can be adjusted to the desired angle by the screw S coming incontact with the projection M2 from the stand I. There must be a grooveformed in the swinging head J, as seen at R. To this groove is fittedthe angular movable and adjustable head carrying the cutters M and N,and pulley Q as seen at L, which can be slid up and down, to impart toit the proper adjustment so as to allow the cutters M, and N, to formthe end of the wood V2 and the groove in the same so that it willreceive the tongue of the adjoining piece and make a perfect joint atthe same time the tongue is being formed on the opposite end of thispiece W2, as will readily be seen. i

The shaft `which carries the pulley Q, and cutter M, is made of steeland at its upper end is formed a cutter as seen at N, which by beingrevolved with great rapidity will form a perfect groove in the wood,while the cutter M by reason of its peculiar construction will cut thepiece being dovetailed, of the right bevel on the end of it, so that itwill perfectly join with another piece which has been before dovetailedon our machine; the cutter N can be made larger or smaller, to form thegroove larger or smaller as desired. rIhe pulley Q, and shaft carryingthe cutters M and N are driven by the band V2 passing around the pulleyQ and the elongated driving pulley P2, which is of sufcient length toallow the band V2 to be always around it when the head L is slid toeither extreme scoped by the machine.

The pulleys P2, Q2 and R2 are all supported on the shaft which issuspended in the stands U2, U2, at the end of the frame A, A. Thus itwill be seen that no change of cutters will ever be needed, but theywill always remain the same, except that the head carrying the cuttersM, and N can be slid back or forward to impart any desired length to thepiece being dovetailed, essentially as set forth.

Operation-The operation of our machine consists in applying a suliicientmoving power to the tight pulley Q2 to revolve the several cutters twothousand revolutions per minute, more or less if desired, in thedirect-ion indicated by the arrows; then lay the board W2 upon thecarriage B, and firmly hold it thereon by hand; then slide the carriageB along suflicient to carry the board being dovetailed, past the severalcutters, of sufficient speed to allow the groove in one end, and tonguein the other end of the wood to be properly formed at one operation, aswill readily be seen.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. The arrangement and operation of the cutter heads X, b, and L, onemovable and adjustable with the bar D which carries it, and the otherstationary so as to bevel, and form the groove in one end of the wood,and bevel and form the tongue to t this groove on the opposite end ofthe wood, at one single operation, so as to complete the dovetailing ofeach piece, of any desired lengt-h without changing the cutters,essentially in the manner and for the purposes fully set forth.

2. We also claim the carriage B, or its mechanical equivalent, and itsmovable and adjustable slide F which carries the board being dovetailed,and which can be moved and adjusted, in conjunction with the bar, or wayD and cutters thereon so as to give any desired length to the board,essentially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

ARI DAVIS. ASAHEL DAVIS. Witnesses:

D. P. Dow, E. W. Scor'r.

